Conceptual Framework of International Relations, Foreign Policy and Diplomacy

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Foreign Policy
•‘Foreign policy of every country deals , first with preservation of its  independence and security and second with the protection of economic interests.’- Karl Deutsch
•‘Foreign policy to an extent is a reflection of the fundamental instincts of those who make it’- Gilbraith
•Foreign policy is a substance  of foreign relations.
•Foreign policy is a course of action undertaken by sovereign states in terms of their perceived national interests and goals.
          Determinants of Foreign Policy        
Internal Factors- Geography, History, National Capacity and Public Opinion;
External Factors-International Organizations-UNO, WTO, EU, ASEAN, UN Agencies, IMF, WB, ADB , International Law, Neighboring Countries and New Trends; and
Policy Making Factors- Attitude of Policy Makers.

Diplomacy
•Diplomacy is the management of relations between countries. Abroad.  It is maintained by each country’s  representatives ;
•It is an art of dealing with people and countries;
•Diplomats i.e. ambassador, envoy representative whose job is to representative their country in the receiving country;
•‘Application of tact and intelligence  to the conduct of official relations between the governments of independent states. It is art to negotiate’-Ernest Satow; and
•The foreign policy of the state is the substance of foreign relations  whereas diplomacy is the process by which the policy is carried out.

International Relations
•Foreign policy and diplomacy are two pillars of international relations; 
•The substance of foreign policy is foreign relations. Foreign relations is an integral parts of international relations;
•Motto of foreign policy is carried out by diplomacy;
•Issues of international relations- peace and security, globalization, regionalism, WTO and international trade, environment and human rights; and
•This is clear that there is triangular relationship between.


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