Injunction its uses, effectiveness and challanges in course of Nepal
lgif]wf1f o:f;sf] k|of]u ,k|efjsfl/tf / r'gf}tL
l/6sf] cawf/0ff
lgif]wf1f, lsl;:fd,hf/L ug]{ cfwf/e"t l:f;4fGtx? ,hf/L gx'g] cj:yfx?
g]kfndf lgif]wf1fsf] k|rng
gful/s clwsf/ P]g @)!@ / o;sf] k|rng
lgif]wf1fsf] pkrf/sf] k|rlnt sfg"gL Joj:yf
GofoLs b[li6sf]0f
k|of]udf b]lvPsf ;d:of / ck]Iffx?
l/6sf] cawf/0ff
l/6 a]nfotsf] cEof;af6 ljsf; ePsf]
kfOG5 OG;fOSnf]k]l8of
la|6flgsfn]
æ/fhfn] cfˆgf k|ltlglwsf]
x}l;otdf zlQm
;'Dk]sf] clwsf/Laf6
tNnf] bhf{sf] clwsf/LnfO{ jf JolQm ljz]ifnfO{ s'g} sfd ug{ jf gug{sf] nflu hf/L
ul/g]
cf}krfl/s
x's'd jf cfb]z
Ps k|sf/sf]
l/6 xf]
Æ elg
l/6sf] kl/efiff
u/]sf]
b]lvG5 .
l/6sf] cawf/0ff
gd{g
ljhok5L g} j]nfotdf zlQmzfnL s]Gb|Lo ;/sf/ sf] cjwf/0ff cfO{ GofoLs zlQm /fhfdf
s]lGb|t eof] . /fhfn] cjlzi6 clwsf/ k|of]u u/L x's'd k|dfËLaf6 lg0f{o lbg]
ub{y] . /fhsLo Gofofnosf] cjlzi6 If]qflwsf/af6 l/6sf] ljsf; e} xfn a]nfot tyf
sdg n sf] k|efj /x]sf laleGg d'n'sx?df jGbLk|ToIfLs/0f, k/dfb]z, pTk|]if0f,
k|ltif]w, clwsf/k[R5f h:tf l/6x?sf] k|of]u ;d]t x'g yfn] .
lgif]wf1f
lgif]wf1fsf] pkrf/sf] z'?jft /f]dg sfg"gsf "Interdict" df cfwfl/t eP/ a]nfotsf] cbfntaf6 ;dGofo "Equity" sf] cfwf/df hf/L u/L ljsl;t ePsf] dflgG5 .
lgif]wf1fsf] pkrf/sf] z'?jft /f]dg sfg"gsf "Interdict" df cfwfl/t eP/ a]nfotsf] cbfntaf6 ;dGofo "Equity" sf] cfwf/df hf/L u/L ljsl;t ePsf] dflgG5 .
zflAbs cy{df lgif]wf1f s'g}
sfd jf Aoaxf/nfO{ tt\sfn lgif]w ug'{, /f]Sg' g} xf] . of] vf;u/L s'g} sfo{ jf s'g}
unt sfo{sf] lg/Gt/tfnfO{ /f]Sg cbfntåf/f hf/L ul/g] cfb]z jf lg0f{o xf] .
"An injunction is a judicial remedy by which a person is
ordered to referain from doing or to do a particularact or thing."
"A court order commanding or
preventing an action. To get on injunction, the complainant must show that
there is no plain, adequate and complete remedy at law and that and the
irreparable injury will result unless the relief is granted." Black's
Law Dictionary
lgif]wf1fsf]
lsl:f;d
lgif]wf1fsf] k|s[lt,
kl/0ffd, ?k cg';f/ lgif]wf1fnfO{ lgDg ?kdf lng ;lsG5.
Interlocutory Injunction.
Mandatory Injunction.
Permanent Injunction.
Preventive Injunction.
Prohibitory Injunction.
Temporary Injunction.
lgif]wf1f hf/L ug]{
cfwf/e"t l;4fGtx? M
k|yd b[li6df g} u/] la/fPh:tf] b]lvg' (Prima facia error in the face of record ) kg]{ .
k|yd b[li6df g} u/] la/fPh:tf] b]lvg' (Prima facia error in the face of record ) kg]{ .
;'ljwf / ;Gt'ng (Balance of Convenience) lgj]bssf] xsdf /x]sf] b]lvg' kg]{ .
of] cfb]z hf/L gx'Fbf lga]bsnfO{
ck'/0fLo Iflt (Irreparable loss) x'g] cj:yfsf] ljBdfgtf /xg] / /sdåf/f
k"lt{ x'g g;Sg] .
lgj]bsnfO{ lgif]wf1fsf] pkrf/ jfx]s
cGo s'g} pkfo k|efjsf/L Pj+ pknAwtf gx'g]
.
lgj]bsn] ;dGofosf] (Equity) sf] dfu u/]sf] t/ uNtL gu/]sf] ,
lgif]wf1f
hf/L ug]{ cfwf/x? M
pkrf/ dfUg cfpFbf :jR5 tyf ;kmf xft (Clean hand) n] cfpg'kg]{ .
pkrf/ dfUg cfpFbf :jR5 tyf ;kmf xft (Clean hand) n] cfpg'kg]{ .
clwsf/k|lt
;hu /xL ;dod} pkrf/sf] dfu ug{cfPsf] / cg'lrt ljnDa u/]sf] x'g gx'g] .
lgj]bssf]
sfg"gL clwsf/ lglj{jfb?kdf 5 eGg]
b]lvg' kg]{
kmf}hbf/L
cg';GwfgnfO{ k|jflxt ug]{ of] cfb]z hf/L ug{ gx'g] .
sfg"gsf] k|ToIf q'6L (Apparently error of law) ePsf]df dfq hf/L x'g] .
lgif]wf1f hf/L
gx'g] cj:yfx?
lgj]bssf] lglj{jfb :yflkt ePsf] xs xgg x'g] cfz+sf gb]lvPdf .
lgj]bssf] lglj{jfb :yflkt ePsf] xs xgg x'g] cfz+sf gb]lvPdf .
s'g}
;a'b k|df0f a'emL kIfsf] xssf] 3f]if0ff ug{ jf ljjfbf:kb clwsf/sf] ;'/Iff ug{ .
kl//x]sf]
d'2faf6 g} ;xh tl/sfn] ;dfwfg x'g] b]lvPdf .
lgj]bssf]
clwsf/df cf3ft x'g] h'g z+sf 5 elgPsf] xf] Tof] sfd e};s]sf] cj:yfdf h;sf]
clwsf/ xgg\ x'g] cfz+sf ePsf] xf] p;n] lgj]bg glbO{ c? JolQmn] lgj]bg lbPsf]df
.
lgif]wf1f hf/L
gx'g] cj:yfx?
lgif]wf1f hf/L ug]{ gug]{ cbfntsf] ;b\ljj]s / :jljj]s ePsf]n] kIfsf] xssf] ?kdf hf/L gx'g] .
lgif]wf1f hf/L ug]{ gug]{ cbfntsf] ;b\ljj]s / :jljj]s ePsf]n] kIfsf] xssf] ?kdf hf/L gx'g] .
sfg"gn]
ug{ kfpg] clwsf/ /f]Sgsf] nflu kmf}Hbf/L d'2f bfo/ ug{ jf To:tf] d'2fsf]
sf/jfxL :ylut ug{ .
lgif]wf1f
hf/L u/]sf] cj:yfdf klg To;sf] sfof{Gjog geO{ lg/y{s x'g] b]lvPdf,
lgif]wf1f
eGbf csf]{ pkfo l56f] 5l/tf] ;'ne / k|efjsf/L 5 eGg] cbfntnfO{ nfu]df .
ljkIfL agfpg' kg]{ AolQm jf lgsfonfO{ ljkIfL gagfPsf]df ,
s/f/af6
pTkGg xs k|rng u/fpg dfu ePsf]df,
t];|f]
kIfsf] clwsf/ :yflkt e};s]sf]df,
ab/
u/fpg dfu ul/Psf] ljifo ckl/kSj (Immature) ePdf ,
g]kfndf
lgif]wf1fsf] k|of]u / k|rng
s] s:tf] cj:yfdf lgif]wf1f hf/L x'G5
/ s:tf] cj:yfdf lgif]wf1f hf/L ug'{ x'Fb}g egL ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] km'nsf]6{åf/f
ldlt @)!%.^.(.% df !# a'Fbfsf] cfb]z hf/L u/]sf]
Gofo k|zf;g -ljljw Joj:yf_ P]g, @)!* k|sfzgdf
cfO{ nfu' ePkZrft g]kfndf ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, c~rn cbfnt / lhNnf cbfnt u/L tLg txsf]
Joj:yf u/L c~rn tyf lhNnf cbfnt lgodfjnL,@)#) k|sfzg
g]kfndf
lgif]wf1fsf] k|of]u / k|rng
pQm lgodfjnLsf] cfwf/df c~rn cbfntn]
aGbLk|ToIfLs/0f / lgif]wf1f ;DaGwL d'2fsf] sfd sf/jfxL k|f/De
Gofo k|zf;g ;'wf/ P]g, @)#! nfu'
ePkZrft bf]>f] txsf] k'g/fj]bg ;'Gg] cbfntsf] ?kdf If]qLo cbfnt :yfkgf
pQm P]gsf] bkmf % -@_ adf]lhd If]qLo
cbfntdf ;d]t lgif]wf1fsf] lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] sfg"gL Joj:yf
g]kfndf
lgif]wf1fsf] k|of]u / k|rng
Gofo k|zf;g P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf *-@_
adf]lhd k'g/fj]bg cbfntn] cfˆgf] ;'? sf/jfxL ug]{ clwsf/ If]q cGtu{t lgif]wf1f
;d]tsf d'2fsf] ;'g'jfO{ e}/x]sf] ,
Gofo k|zf;g ;DaGwL s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{
;+zf]wg ug{ ag]sf] P]g, @)^& n] Gofo k|zf;g P]g, @)$* / gful/s clwsf/ P]g,
@)!@ df u/]sf] ;+zf]wgn] lhNnf cbfntnfO{ aGbL k|ToIfLs/0f / lgif]wf1fsf] lgj]bg
;'g'jfO{ ug]{ u/L yk If]qflwsf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] ,
gful/s clwsf/ P]g @)!@ sf Aoa:yfx?
sfg''gsf] b[[li6df ;dfgtf M k|rlnt
g]kfn sfg'gsf] cwLgdf /xL sfg'gsf] cufl8 ;dfgtf / sfg'gsf] ;dfg ;+/If0f s'g}
gful/snfO{ klg OGsf/ ul/g] 5}g.
wd{{,hft, hflt jf lnËsf] cfwf/df
e]]befj gug]{]{ M s'g} ;/sf/L kbdf lgo'lQm ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] of]Uotfsf]
cfwf/df dfq lgo'lQm ug]{5 / ;/sf/L ;]jf jf c¿ s'g} ;fj{hlgs ;]jfsf] lgo'lQmdf
s'g} klg gful/s dfly s]jn wd{,j0f{, lnË,hft, hflt jf tL dWo] s'g} s'/fsf]
cfwf/df e]befj ul/g] 5}g .
gful/s
clwsf/ P]g @)!@ sf Aoa:yfx?
s''g} ljz]]if ju{{sf] lgldQ ljz]]if
Joj:yf ug]{]{ g]]kfn ;/sf/sf] clwsf/ Mbkmf # / $ df h];'s} n]lvPsf]
ePtfklg–
:qL hflt afnsju{ / s'g} cg'Ggt
gful/sju{sf] nflu ljz]if Joj:yf ug]{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .
wd{, u'7L, ;bfjt{ OToflbsf] xsdf
k|rlnt P]g lgod /Lltlylt adf]lhd x'g]5, o;df s;}n] x:tIf]k ug{ x'Fb}g .
jfs\ :jtGqtf OToflb ;DaGwL clwsf/ Mk|rlnt
g]kfn sfg'gsf] cwLgdf /xL ;a} gful/sx¿nfO{ b]xfosf clwsf/x¿ x'g]5g\ M–
Øjfs\
/ k|sfzg :jtGqtf .
ØzflGtk"j{s
/ ljgf xltof/sf] ;Dd]ng ;ef ug]{ .
Ø
;+:yf jf ;+3 v8f ug]{ .
Øg]kfn
/fHoe/ lagf /f]s6f]s 3'dlkm/ ug]{ .
Øg]kfn
/fHoe/ h'g;'s} efudf klg lgjf; ug]{ / 3/hd ug]{ .
Ø;DklQ
cfh{g ug]{, ef]u ug]{, a]rlavg ug]{ .
Øs'g}
k]zf, /f]huf/, pBf]u jf Jofkf/ ug]{ .
+
gful/s
clwsf/ P]g @)!@ sf Aoa:yfx?
wd{ ;DaGwL xs Mk|rlnt g]kfn sfg'gadf]lhd afx]s s'g}
wfld{s ;Dk|bfosf] b]xfosf xsx¿df s;}n] x:tIf]k ug{ x'Fb}gM–
wfld{s / u'7L ;bfjt{ ;+:yfx¿ sfod
ug]{ rnfpg] .
wd{ ;DaGwL / ;fdflhs ;+;u{ -;f];n
OG6/sf];{ sf] nflu cfˆgf] Joj:yf ug]{ .
;DklQ hDdf ug]{, cfˆgf] gfpFdf /fVg]
/ k|rng ug]{
gful/s
clwsf/ P]g @)!@ sf Aoa:yfx?
sfg''gsf] clVtof/ lagf s''g} s/ gnufpg]
M
s'g} s/ sfg'gsf] clVtof/ lagf nufOg] jf c;"n ul/g] 5}g .
;DklQ ;DaGwL clwsf/M
k|rlnt g]kfn sfg'gsf] clVtof/ lagf s'g} JolQmsf] ;DklQ ckx/0f ul/g] 5}g .
gful/ssf] af;:yfgsf] /Iff Mk|rlnt
g]kfn sfg'gsf] clVtof/ lagf s'g} gful/ssf] af;:yfgdf hah{:tL k|j]z ug{ x'Fb}g .
gful/s clwsf/ P]g
@)!@ sf Aoa:yfx?
ck/fw 7x/ ePdf x''g] ;hfo af/] M s'g}
JolQmnfO{ klg tTsfn k|rlnt g]kfn sfg'gn] ;hfo gx'g] s'g} sfd u/] jfkt s'g} ;hfo
x'g] 5}g / s;"/ ubf{sf] cj:yfdf k|rlnt g]kfn sfg'gdf tf]lsPeGbf a9L ;hfo
lbOg] 5}g .
s'g} JolQm pk/ Ps} ck/fwdf Ps k6seGbf a9\tf d'2f rnfOg] /
b08 ;hfo ul/g] 5}g .
s'g} ck/fwsf] aft nfu]sf] dflg;nfO{
cfˆgf] lj?4 ;fIfL x'g s/ nfUg] 5}g .
gful/s
clwsf/ P]g @)!@ sf Aoa:yfx?
j}}olQms :jtGqtf M
k|rlnt g]kfn sfg'gadf]lhd afx]s s'g} klg JolQmsf] Hofg jf j}olQms :jtGqtf xl/g]
5}g
OR5flj?4 sfd u/fpg
dgfxLM
k|rlnt g]kfn sfg'gadf]lhd afx]s s;}n] s'g} dflg;nfO{ p;sf] OR5f lj?4 sfd u/fpg
x'Fb}g .
gfafnsnfO{ km]]S6/L OToflbdf sfd
nufpgdf lgif]w M rf}w jif{eGbf sd pd]/sf s'g} afnsnfO{ klg s'g} sf/vfgf jf
vfgLsf] sfddf nufpg jf c¿ s'g} hf]lvdL sfddf egf{ ug{ x'Fb}g .
pkrf/;:f;+u
;;;:fDalGwt k|rlnt sfg"gL Joj:yf
Gofo
k|zf;g P]g, @)$* df ;+;f]wg
P]gsf] bkmf &-@_ M lhNnf
cbfntnfO{ cfˆgf] If]qleq s'g} lgsfo jf clwsf/Ln] s'g} JolQmsf] sfg"g k|bQ
xsdf cf3ft k'¥ofPsf]df ;f] xssf] k|rngsf] nflu cfjZostfcg';f/ aGbLk|ToIfLs/0f
jf lgif]wf1fsf] cfb]z hf/L ug]{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .
gful/s clwsf/ P]g
@)!@ cGt{utsf] pkrf/
bkmf !&-!_ M o; P]gåf/f k|bQ
cfˆgf] s'g} clwsf/df s;}n] cf3ft ug]{ z+sf nfu]df ;DalGwt k'g/fj]bg cbfnt jf
lhNnf cbfntdf ph'/L lbg ;lsg]5 .
bkmf !&-@_ M pkbkmf -!_
adf]lhdsf] ph"/Ldf ;DalGwt cbfntn] hfFra'em u/L k|ltjfbLnfO{ ;f] gug'{ egL
lgif]wf1f lbg ;Sg]5 .
k'g/fa]bg cbfnt lgodfanL @)$* sf] lgod ##
k/dfb]z jf lgif]wf1fsf] lgj]bgkqM -!_ P]gsf] bkmf * sf] pkbkmf -@_ cGtu{t lgif]wf1f jf k/dfb]zsf]
nflu lgj]bgkq lb+bf lgod !^ df plNnlvt s'/fx¿sf cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/fx¿ ;d]t
v'nfpg' k5{M–
-s_ cbfntsf] clwsf/If]q;DaGwL s'/f,
-v_ lgj]bssf] s'g sfg"gL xs xgg\
x'g uPsf] 5 ;f] s'/f,
-u_ sfg"gn] ug'{kg]{ sfd gu/]sf]
jf ug{ gx'g] sfd u/]sf]df sfg"gadf]lhd ug'{kg]{ s'g sfd gu/]sf] jf ug{
gx'g] s'g sfd u/]sf] xf] ;f] s'/f,
-3_ gful/s xsdf cf3ft x'g] cfz+sf
ePdf gful/s clwsf/ P]g, @)!@ sf] s'g bkmfåf/f k|bQ xsdf s;/L cf3ft x'g] ;Defjgf
5 ;f] s'/f,
sfo{lalw
-ª_ lgj]bsn] dfu]sf] pkrf/, /
-r_ ;f] pkrf/ kfpg ;Sg] cfwf/x¿ .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] lgj]bgkqsf]
Joxf]/faf6 cbfntsf] larf/df k|ToyL{n] u/] lj/fP h:tf] -k|fOdfkm];L s]z_ b]lvg
cfPdf tf]lsPsf] tfl/vsf] lbg lgj]bgkqdf
dfu ul/Padf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/L x'g' gkg]{ s'g} sf/0f eP ;f] sf/0f b]vfpg lnlvt
hjfkm lnO{ cfkm}F jf cfˆgf] k|ltlglw jf sfg"g Joj;foLåf/f pkl:yt x'g' egL
k|ToyL{sf] gfddf cfb]z hf/L ug'{k5{ .
-#_ ======
-$_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd k|fKt x'g
cfPsf] lnlvt hjfkmdf larf/ x'Fbf cGo s'g} JolQmnfO{ a'‰g'kg]{ b]lvPdf cbfntn]
To:tf] JolQmnfO{ klg a'‰g ;Sg]5 .
sfo{lalw
##s= cGtl/d cfb]zM
-!_ o;
kl/R5]b\cGtu{t u/]sf] s'g} lgj]bgkqsf ;DaGwdf cbfntn] plrt / cfjZos b]v]df
===== lgj]bgkqsf] 6'+uf] gnfu];Ddsf] cjlwsf] nflu cfjZos / pko'Qm cfb]z hf/L
ug{ ;Sg]5 . t/
-!_ cbfntn] cfjZos b]v]df vf; cjlw
tf]sL cGtl/d cfb]z hf/L ug{ jf ;f] cGtl/d cfb]znfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg'kg]{ jf gkg]{
;DaGwdf 5nkmnsf nflu csf]{ kIf lemsfpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ cGtl/d cfb]zsf] ;DaGwdf 5nkmn
x'Fbf cfkm\gf] lxtdf cGtl/d cfb]z hf/L ePsf sf/0fn] l/6 lgj]bgsf] clGtd
lg0f{okZrft\ csf]{ kIfnfO{ Iflt x'g] cj:yf b]lvPdf k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd
Ifltk"lt{ Joxf]g]{ lnlvt k|ltj4tf JoQm u/]df Ohnf;n] zt{;lxtsf] cGtl/d
cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .
sfo{lalw
-#_ Ps kIfLo ;'gjfO{ u/L cGtl/d cfb]z
hf/L ePsf]df jf s'g} sf/0fn] csf]{ kIfn] cfkm\gf] s'/f k|:t't ug{ df}sf
gkfPsf]df To:tf] cGtl/d cfb]z /2 u/L kfpgsf] nflu ;f] kIfn] lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 /
cbfntn] plrt / cfjZos b]v]df cl3 lbPsf] cGtl/d cfb]z /2 ug{ jf To;df cfjZos
;+zf]wg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ s'g} lgj]bg cGtl/d cfb]zsf] nflu
k]z ePsf] ePtf klg ;f] ljifodf lg0f{o g} x'g pko'Qm 5 eGg] Ohnf;nfO{ nfu]df
Ohnf;n] lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg]5 / cGtl/d cfb]zsf] nflu k]z ul/Psf] sf/0fn] dfq To;
ljifodf lg0f{o ug{ afwf kg]{ 5}g .
sfo{lalw
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd hf/L ul/Psf] cGtl/d cfb]z ====
lgj]bgkqsf] clGtd 6'+uf] nfu]kl5 :jtM /2 ePsf] dflgg]5 .
-@s_ cGtl/d cfb]z hf/L jf /2 ug]{ ;DaGwdf 5nkmnsf nflu
;"rgf lbO{ s'g} kIfnfO{ lemsfOPsf]df tf]lsPsf] lbg s'g} sf/0fn] 5nkmn x'g
g;sL csf]{ lbg 5nkmn x'g] ePdf ;f] k|of]hgsf nflu 5nkmn ;DkGg geP;Dd lemsfOPsf]
kIfnfO{ tf/]vdf /flvg]5 . 5nkmn k|of]hgsf nflu k6s–k6s ;"rgf hf/L ul/g]
5}g .
-@v_ klxn] hf/L ePsf] cGtl/d cfb]znfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] jf
glbg] ;DaGwdf 5nkmn u/fpg csf]{ kIf lemsfpg] u/L cfb]z ePsf]df lgj]bs kIfsf]
sf/0faf6 ;f] lbg 5nkmn x'g g;s]df tTkZrft\ ;f] cGtl/d cfb]z lgliqmo x'g]5 .
-#_ o; lgodadf]lhd cbfntn] cGtl/d cfb]z hf/L ubf{ jf cGtl/d
cfb]z hf/L ug{ c:jLsf/ ubf{ To;sf] sf/0f :ki6 ?kdf pNn]v ug'{k5{ .
lhNnf cbfnt lgodfanL @)%@
vlgod
!* h df lgif]wf1fsf] lga]bg lbbf lgDg s'/f v'nfpg'kg]{
Øcbfntsf]
clwsf/ If]1 ;DalGw s'/f
Øgful/s
xsdf cf3ft x'g] cfzsf ePdf gful/s clwsf/ P]g @)!@ sf] s'g bkmfåf/f k|bQ xsdf
s;/L cf3ft x'g] ;Defjgf 5 ;f] s'/f
Ølga]bsn]
dfu]sf] pkrf/
Øpkrf/
kfpg ;Sg] cfwf/x?
v lgod
!* em df ;dfgfGt/ clwsf/If]qsf] k|of]u u/L pkrf/ dfu u/] gu/]sf] s'/f
GofoLs
b[li6sf]0f
lgif]wf1f
eg]sf] d'2fx?df x'g] aLraLrsf] em+em6 /f]Sg lgldQ / tt\sflng ;+s6sf] ;dfwfg
ug]{ cGtl/d Joj:yfsf] pkfo xf] . z'4 sf/jfxLsf] b[li6sf]0faf6 x]bf{ kIfx?nfO{
oyfl:yltdf /fvL lgif]wf1faf6 w]/}h;f] cj:yfdf l56f] sfd x'g] dfq xf]Og tt\sflng
sl7gfO{ ;dfwfg ug]{ cGtl/d cj:yfsf] pkfo klg xf] . — hgsl;+x
;xun la?4 åfl/sfk|;fb g]=sf=k= @)!(, lg=g+= !&$
GofoLs
b[li6sf]0f
lgif]wf1fsf]
Joj:yf ;dGofosf] l;4fGtaf6 k|efljt 5 . o;af6 s'g} JolQmsf] xs >[hgf ug]{ jf
;dfKt ug]{ sfo{ x'Fb}g . o;n] ljjflbt sfo{af6 cfz+lst cf3ftnfO{ /f]Sg] a9L
gf]S;fgL x'g glbg] jf xfnsf] l:yltnfO{ sfod /fVg] sfd dfq u5{ — s[i0faxfb'/
lrkfn' la?4 /fds'df/ /f7L g]=sf=k= @)%@ lg=g+= ^)&@
GofoLs
b[li6sf]0f
km};nf
/ sfg"gadf]lhd ljuf] e/L e/fp x'g] sfo{nfO{ cfz+sfsf] l:ylt b]vfO{ ljuf]
e/L kfpF eGg] JolQmnfO{ ljkIfL ;d]t gagfPsf] lgif]wf1fsf] lgj]bgaf6 sf/jfxL
/f]Sg sfg"g;Fut gx'g] ;=c= a'n]l6g @)%% c+s @#
lgif]wf1fdf s'g} sfo{ cfz+sfsf]
ljBdfgtfdf hf/L x'g] xf] sfo{ g} e};s]sf] cj:yfdf hf/L x'g ;Sb}g . g]=sf=k=
@)%! lg=g+= %)@$
k|of]udf b]lvPsf
;d:of
Gofo k|zf;g P]gdf ePsf] ;+;f]wgn]
sfg"gL k|0ffnLsf] lasf; t u/]sf] t/ ;dGofosf] dfGotfdfly k|Zg v8f u/]sf]
GofoLs las]lGb|s/0fsf] cjwf/0ff t/
cbfntsf] sfo{lalwdf c? lanDasf] ;+s]t b]lvPsf]
;dfgfGt/ clwsf/If]qsf] k|of]usf]
Plsgtfdf sl7gfO{
Ohnf;sf] ;+/rgfdf a]d]n k'g/fa]bg
cbfntdf ;o+"Qm / lhNnf cbfntdf Psn Ohnf;af6 sf/afxL / lsgf/f
txtx x'b} ;af]{Rr cbfnt;Dd d'2f hfg]
h;n] ubf{ l/6s} cjwf/0ff lakl/tsf] k|0ffnL lasf; x'g] ;Defjgf .